中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
全国湿地观赏地图出炉！看最美湿地在哪里？******
原标题：白羽翩飞云水间 全国湿地观赏地图看最美湿地在哪里
今天(2月2日)是第27个世界湿地日，今年的主题为“湿地修复”，旨在提高公众对湿地为人类和地球所做贡献的认识，促进采取行动来修复湿地。近年来，我国湿地建设成果突出，国家湿地公园已有901处，中国天气网特别推出全国湿地观赏地图，盘点各大湿地公园的特色秋冬季景观及最佳观赏期，一起欣赏大美中国。
目前，我国大部地区依然处于冬季，秋冬季人们不仅可在湿地公园中观赏到大批候鸟的身姿，各景区的湿地景观也各具特色。
在北方，位于内蒙古的额尔古纳国家湿地公园有着中国目前保持原状态最完好、面积较大的湿地，被誉为“亚洲第一湿地”。常年来看，这里的冬天在9月中旬就拉开帷幕，湿地河谷地带水汽较多，凝结在植物上形成独具风韵的雾凇景观，绵延数百里，十分壮观。
根河源国家湿地公园位于与额尔古纳相隔不远的根河市，这里素有“中国冷极”之称。常年9月底开始，根河就会开始降雪，雪季可持续到次年5月左右。一到冬天，根河湿地林场里大量的白桦及杨树林银装素裹，穿越其中可体验豪迈的林海雪原之情。
新疆的赛里木湖国家湿地公园，周围雪山高海拔地区常年积雪，尤其是每年10月底之后冬季来临，雪山雪量逐步丰盈。赛里木湖水十分清澈，湖底长有大量植物，冬季冰封之后宛如镜面，植物衰败后释放出甲烷等气体，气泡向水面升腾，在低温下迅速冰冻，形成壮观的冰泡湖景观。
辽宁盘锦红海滩风景廊道在北方湿地中也非常有名，最佳观赏期为每年的5月至10月，其中红海滩属于退海湿地，特有的湿地植物碱蓬草火红一片，不仅观赏价值高，还为到这里越冬的丹顶鹤、黑嘴鸥等鸟类提供了食物。
在水系众多的南方，更是不乏湿地的身影。杭州西溪湿地国家公园每年进入初冬时节，芦苇荡芦花初绽，西溪的芦花分为荻、芦竹、芦苇三个品种，大多集中在秋雪庵周边。贵阳花溪国家城市湿地公园是罕见的城市湿地，具有独特的喀斯特地貌，秋冬时节，十里河滩的梧桐、银杏叶被染成金黄色，美不胜收。
重庆梁平的双桂湖湿地公园及武汉涨渡湖湿地公园都有着丰富的杉林资源，但不同的是，前者以水杉为主，后者则是池杉。人们常常将水杉和池杉搞混，从外观上看，水杉较高、叶片呈针状，池杉较矮、叶片卷曲向下。每逢晚秋时节，这两种杉树的叶子都会完成“上妆”，远远望去一片火红。
广东海陵岛红树林湿地公园以红树林著称，虽然名字里有个红字，这种树的树叶和枝条却是绿色的，只有在切开树皮后，树干的颜色才能裸露出红色。红树林在净化海水、防风消浪等方面有着十分积极的作用，主要分布在华南，其中广东面积最大。
云南红河哈尼梯田国家湿地公园是典型的人工湿地，以梯田景观为主，从山脚至山巅，级数最多可达3700多级最大垂直落差2000多米。每年的11月至次年3月，这里雨水最为充盈，一块块梯田被阳光照亮，仿佛一块块天空之镜，云雾缠绕其中，景色绝美。
湿地不仅能为人们提供四季不同的可观赏景观，还是十分重要的自然生态系统，为大量的动植物提供栖息地，既能保护生物的多样性，也能调节气候、净化水质。有兴趣的朋友可根据最佳观赏期前往观赏，提醒大家出游仍需注意佩戴口罩，做好健康防护工作。(中国天气网 文/江漪 设计/任成英 数据支持/李靓)
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